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DIABETES
Fight Diabetes
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What's Diabetes
Diabetes happens when your body isn’t able to take up sugar (glucose) into its cells and use it for energy. This results in a build-up of extra sugar in your bloodstream.
Diabetes in Numbers
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Living With Diabetes
Currently the number of people living with diabetes in the world.
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Deaths associated
The global number of deaths associated with diabetes in the world.
1
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DIABETES IN PREGNANCY
At least 1 in 6 live births is affected by diabetes during pregnancy.
THE GLOBAL FIGURES
Approximately 537 million adults (20-79 years) are living with diabetes.
The total number of people living with diabetes is projected to rise to 643 million by 2030 and 783 million by 2045.
3 in 4 adults with diabetes live in low- and middle-income countries
Almost 1 in 2 (240 million) adults living with diabetes are undiagnosed
Diabetes caused 6.7 million deaths
Diabetes caused at least USD 966 billion dollars in health expenditure – 9% of total spending on adults
More than 1.2 million children and adolescents (0-19 years) are living with type 1 diabetes
1 in 6 live births (21 million) are affected by diabetes during pregnancy
541 million adults are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes
Types of Diabetes
Type 1
An autoimmune reaction which stops your body from making insulin. Approximately 5-10% of the people who have diabetes have type 1. It’s usually diagnosed in children, teens, and young adults. You’ll need to take insulin every day to survive. Good news is that this kind of diabetes is rare
Type 2
Excluding all causes of hyperglycemia and type 1 diabetes, This a condition associated with resistance to action of insulin followed by impairment of more than 50% pancreatic b-cells function thus leading to insulin deficiency. This is the most common and deadly type of diabetes.
Gestational
This develops in pregnant women who have never had diabetes. If you have this diabetes, your baby could be at higher risk for health problems. This diabetes usually goes away after your baby is born. Your baby is more likely to have obesity as a child or teen and develop type 2.
Laboratory Tests and Normal Ranges of Diabetes
Fasting Blood Sugar
Glucose Tolerance
Random Blood Sugar
HBA1C
Oral Glucose Tolerance
Fasting Blood Sugar
This measures your blood sugar after an overnight fast (not eating). A fasting blood sugar level of 99 mg/dL or lower is normal, 100 to 125 mg/dL indicates you have prediabetes, and 126 mg/dL or higher indicates you have diabetes.
Glucose Tolerance
This measures your blood sugar before and after you drink a liquid that contains glucose. You’ll fast (not eat) overnight before the test and have your blood drawn to determine your fasting blood sugar level. Then you’ll drink the liquid and have your blood sugar level checked 1 hour, 2 hours, and possibly 3 hours afterward. At 2 hours, a blood sugar level of 140 mg/dL or lower is considered normal, 140 to 199 mg/dL indicates you have prediabetes, and 200 mg/dL or higher indicates you have diabetes.
Random Blood Sugar
This measures your blood sugar at the time you’re tested. You can take this test at any time and don’t need to fast (not eat) first. A blood sugar level of 200 mg/dL or indicates you have diabetes.
HBA1C
The test measures your average blood sugar level over the past 2 or 3 months. An A1C below 5.7% is normal, between 5.7 and 6.4% indicates you have prediabetes, and 6.5% or higher indicates you have diabetes.
Oral Glucose Tolerance
This measures your blood sugar at the time you’re tested. You’ll drink a liquid that contains glucose, and then 1 hour later your blood will be drawn to check your blood sugar level. A normal result is 140 mg/dL or lower. If your level is higher than 140 mg/dL, you’ll need to take a glucose tolerance test.
